It's a relatively new idea to exploit the laws of quantum mechanics to target hard computational problems. It has impact on physics, chemistry, computer science, math and many more disciplines because quantum computers, in principle, can outperform classical computers. Furthermore, quantum information represents a post-Moore paradigm, because Moore's scaling law will saturate during the next few years limited by fundamental laws of physics. Although useful quantum computers are still far outside reach, small toy versions are already demonstrated in experiment. Actually, IBM offers some of their chips as open access in the cloud. This lecture's goal is to give a broad overview on the main concepts and applications on the field of quantum information. Topics:
- Quantum mechanics for information purposes
- Representation of data in quantum states and entanglement
- The quantum circuit model and universal quantum computing
- Other quantum protocols: Teleportation and key distribution
- Quantum algorithms
- Simple Deutsch (Josza)
- Database search and quantum amplitude amplification
- Quantum Fourier transform and applications (including factoring)
- Quantum heuristics
- Adiabatic quantum computing
- Variational algorithms
- Quantum simulation
- Errors and error correction